To restrict access to your logic app workflows by IP address, you can use the Allowed inbound IP addresses feature. This feature allows you to specify the IP addresses that are allowed to trigger your logic app workflows. You can specify IP addresses for both consumption and standard workflows. To get the IP addresses for your logic app workflows, you can review the Limits and configuration for Azure Logic Apps documentation. Additionally, you can use Azure API Management to provide on-premises connection options, such as site-to-site virtual private network and ExpressRoute integration for secured proxy and communication to on-premises systems.
There is no log available to see which apps connect to logic apps that use certain IPs. However, you can specify the IP addresses that are allowed to trigger your logic app workflows using the Allowed inbound IP addresses feature.
References: