Additional SQL Server features and topics not covered by specific categories
I found the correct answer: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/integration-services/install-windows/install-integration-services?view=sql-server-ver16&source=recommendations#install-a-dedicated-server-for-etl-processes
Install a dedicated server for ETL processes
To use a dedicated server for extraction, transformation, and loading (ETL) processes, install a local instance of the SQL Server Database Engine when you install Integration Services. Integration Services typically stores packages in an instance of the Database Engine and relies on SQL Server Agent for scheduling those packages.
If the ETL server doesn't have an instance of the Database Engine, you have to schedule or run packages from a server that does have an instance of the Database Engine. As a result, the packages aren't running on the ETL server, but instead on the server from which they're started. As a result, the resources of the dedicated ETL server aren't being used as intended. Furthermore, the resources of other servers may be strained by the running ETL processes.
From my point of view it makes no sense to dedicate an instance to integration services without having the possibility of scheduling on it. So it always makes sense to also install the engine... (which the license includes) and limit the use of maximum memory with a CAP.
ALEN