Roger,
I have the JBL Charge 3 too. In fact I have just ordered another so that I can pair the both together and run true stereo. Got stung a bit on the second one as I have had to have a bloody blow up orange chair to go with it!
I have always jumped the gun. This time was no different, I could have saved myself £35 on the £150 RRP from JBL, just going to a reliable eBay seller.
First of all, there are NO drivers. It looks as though it goes off searching for them but ignore it.
My Dell 1512 laptop doesn't have Bluetooth hardware built in so like you I have had to buy an adaptor. Make sure it is set up correctly and make sure it is turned on. Also make sure the speaker is turned on.
Pair your JBL Charge 3 by pressing the Bluetooth icon on the speaker.
Now comes the fiddling around bit.
Click on your Bluetooth icon at the bottom of your screen, (it may be grouped).
Click on Show Bluetooth Devices, wait for the screen to populate and you should, if the pairing is successful, see your speaker. If not then the problem is in the pairing and most likely with your adaptor set up.
Let's assume that the pairing has worked.
Right click on your speaker in the Show Bluetooth Devices and pick Control at the top of the menu. A screen will come up where you can connect with the device - Hit Connect and see what happens. Nothing? OK now shrink that screen down to your taskbar.
On the same menu click on Sound Settings and right click on your device, (it might not be named as a JBL Charge 3, but we can soon put that right), then click on Properties. Here you can rename it and change the icon. You can also Apply everything and set it as your D efaultwhich will stick until you disconnect the speaker, where the computer speakers take over.
Still can't hear anything?
Go into Show Bluetooth Devices again. Click on Properties and then click on the Services tab at the top. Make sure all of the boxes are checked. Mine are - I don't know what they all do but they are all checked and OK it.
That's it basically.
I'm no expert and I don't pretend to understand what everything does. A very clever but quick IT mate of mine set it up initially and I tried to follow as close as I could. I still have a problem if I don't pair the speaker for a while because I forget easily. But I fiddle around with the basic settings and it all comes back.
Things to remember are that if you can pair the speaker with a tablet or phone, there's nothing wrong with the speaker. It is Bluetooth 4.0 so make sure your adaptor is also Version 4.0.
If the pairing isn't happening, you need to investigate that. I certainly had a few teething problems in that respect but my mate just cleaned out what I did and started from scratch, plugged in and away it went no problem.
Any more problems let me know and I'll have another look.