Windows Server 2012 R2 Update Fails error code 80072F8F

To fix this issue, you need to obtain the Trusted Authority Certificate that the web proxy server SSL certificate is using and install that in the Trusted Root Certification Authorities certificate list. In my case it was available from the Windows Certificate Services server itself. This should resolve the issue in most cases.

Try the following command in CMD
netsh winhttp import proxy source=ie

Then reset Windows update components manually
Windows Update - Additional resources - Windows Deployment | Microsoft Learn
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/deployment/update/windows-update-resources

Restart computer and check for update again.

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