Just another tidbit that might help a guru diagnose this...
I installed a Windows Store app called "Monitorium". It's supposed to change the brightness of multiple connected monitors (including a laptop's own display). It happily changes the brightness of an attached external monitor. Interestingly, it doesn't seem to even *detect* the laptop screen.
The laptop screen doesn't appear in Control Panel\Hardware and Sound\Devices and Printers either.
HWiNFO yields this about the laptop's 1920x1080 screen (selected data):
Monitor Name: BOE [Unknown Model: BOE0653]
Monitor Name (Manuf): NV14N43 [DELL P/N: 6J1Y3]
Monitor Hardware ID: Monitor\BOE0653
I didn't find any monitor driver for this, but I suspect that may be the problem.