Hello, my name is Bradford and I'm an Independent Advisor for the Microsoft Community and I'll be happy to answer your question.
Yes, you can enable the feature "download updates from other computers". The purpose of the feature is to speed up the rate at which updates can be delivered to PC's especially when there is more computer in a home, office, or network.
The service only transmits parts of Windows updates under the assumption that the computer physically closer to yours can transmit data faster than the internet.
However, the final update, once created from these different parts from different computers is verified by Microsoft Servers as being 1. Valid, 2. Intact 3. Timely and 4. Untampered. So rest assure the feature is safe!
If there are any other questions about the feature please let me know.
Finally, if you don't mind-please click the "Yes, this was helpful" button if this was, well, actually helpful :0)