So we're trying to get Windows installed and not repair the underlying Windows which we want to wipe off the drive as quickly and thoroughly as possible. So please discard steps to repair Windows which waste time.
Keep in mind as well that using Linux to create bootable Windows media doesn't work well if at all. So you may need to borrow a Windows PC to follow the steps in the middle of the download page for Media Creation Tool. If not then make sure to use these steps How to Create a Bootable Windows 10 USB in Linux.
I will give you all possible steps to troubleshoot Windows installation failure which work in about 90% of cases. If not we'll go from there:
Follow the illustrated Clean Install Windows 10 steps in this tutorial which compiles the best possible install that will stay that way as long as you stick with the tools and methods given.
Make sure all other drives and peripherals are unplugged. Update the BIOS or UEFI firmware to latest, or reset to Defaults, making sure (if you have it) UEFI is enabled, CSM or Legacy BIOS disabled, Windows Boot Manager set first to boot, if necessary disable Secure and Fast Boot until after install, set SATA controller to AHCI, Save changes and Exit. Access BIOS/UEFI Setup as shown here: https://www.mydigitallife.net/comprehensive-list-of-how-key-to-press-to-access-bios-for-various-oem-and-computer-systems/
https://www.groovypost.com/howto/reset-pc-bios-defaults-nvram-mac
Create the latest Windows 10 Installation Media by installing Media Creation Tool and following the directions here: http://windows.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-10/media-creation-tool-install. If you're using another PC to do this uncheck the box for Recommended Settings to choose the exact version and bit rate for the target PC only.
Insert media, boot it by powering up PC while pressing the BIOS Boot Menu Key: https://www.sysnative.com/forums/hardware-tutorials/23010-bios-boot-menu-f-keys-hotkeys-system-manufacturer-oem.html
If the media won't boot you may need to enter BIOS/UEFI Setup (pressing key given in chart in link above) to turn off Fast Boot or Fast Startup first. If you can start Windows enter UEFI firmware here: http://www.isunshare.com/windows-password/four-methods-to-access-uefi-bios-setup.html
The media may also be bad, so confirm it boots and queues up per these steps in another PC, or else recreate it. You can also try a DVD, or the alternate download site from MS TechBench here: https://tb.rg-adguard.net/public.php. Burn to DVD using WIndows Image Burner or create bootable flash using one of the options here: https://www.tenforums.com/tutorials/2376-create-bootable-usb-flash-drive-install-windows-10-a.html
Choose the boot device as a UEFI device if offered, on first screen press Shift + F10 to open a Command Prompt, type the following commands, each followed by Enter key:
DISKPART
LIST DISK
SEL DIS # (replace # with the disk # of the Windows disk from list in previous command)
CLEAN
EXIT
Close Command Box, on second screen choose Install Now, then Custom Install, then at the drive selection screen choose Unallocated Space, click Next to let it create needed partitions and start install - this makes it foolproof.
Make sure to follow the setup steps in the first link tutorial to complete your install. Drivers are important enough that those steps are printed in red.
You will get and keep the best possible install to the exact extent you stick with the steps, tools and methods in the first linked tutorial. It's a better install than any amount of money could buy and a great learning experience that will make you the master of your PC.
If all else fails you can move the hard drive to another PC to do the install with it plugged in alone. Windows 10 is remarkably adaptive to new hardware without needing adaptive restore. If it will start it will swap out all drivers requiring several restarts. You can also try applying a same-version System Image to the intact SSD/hard drive.
I hope this helps.