I also had the same problem, not only with Seagate external USB drives, but also with some USB flash drives not being recognized by Bitlocker. I found that in each of these cases, for whatever reason, the volume partitions were marked as "active" in Disk Management. I was able to use Diskpart at the command prompt to change the relevant volume to "inactive." I then removed and reinstalled the device and Bitlocker was then able to recognize them.
Hope this helps.