Hello h27kim, welcome to the Microsoft community, my name is Luiz Cruz, an independent consultant and I would be happy to help you.
For this problem with Defender I recommend that you try the following:
Do you have any non-Microsoft anti-virus installed on the system? If you have, I recommend that you uninstall it for testing;
After uninstalling the other anti-virus, check if it is possible to activate Protection;
If you do not have any other anti-virus installed try the solution below:
Press Windows key + S and type: regedit and press Enter;
The “Windows Registry Editor” will open. In it navigate to the key:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows Defender;
When clicking on Windows Defender, check if there is a file like "DisableAntiSpyware" in addition to the Standard;
If this file exists, right click on it and select Delete;
Restart the PC and check if you can now activate Protection;
I hope I helped, see you soon!