I have a similar problem.
At some point calculator stopped working, then Windows search and the netflix app, for example. all of these app open, then immediately crash-close.
Basically, the problem was Cortana. After lots of following online instructions like one of these pages, I managed to remove Cortana for the current user on this Windows 10 PC. Now I have the problem though that it won't re-install, not via Microsoft Store (the "get" button is simply not present), nor via Windows PowerShell (incl. administrator rights). When I type in either of these (and press enter afterwards):
- Get-AppxPackage -AllUsers Microsoft.Windows.Cortana | Foreach {Add-AppxPackage -DisableDevelopmentMode -Register "$($_.InstallLocation)\AppXManifest.xml"}
- Get-AppxPackage -name Microsoft.Windows.Cortana | Foreach {Add-AppxPackage -DisableDevelopmentMode -Register "$($_.InstallLocation)\AppXManifest.xml"}
Windows PowerShell does nothing, ignores the command. I cannot see any "Deployment blabla" layover, not even for a second. (I do see this, if I try to re-register/re-install another app). Thus, rebooting the computer after that has no effect.
Cortana and Windows Search works on other users on the same PC, and I have no fu***ing clue on how to force re-installation of Cortana for this or all users of this computer. Reinstalling the computer is not an option, so please: don't suggest it.