I was having the kinda same issue to where my taskbar wouldn't load up and i couldn't really do anything on my pc and I tried the things in this thread with no results but what I did is:
I booted the system up in recovery mode and then I uninstalled the recent update by going to:
(Troubleshoot > Advanced Options >Uninstall Updates > Uninstall Latest Quality Update)
once successfully done, restart to boot process and its might tell u a system file is missing like it told me.
Just reenter the recovery mode from the screen and restore it from the point before the update was installed (yesterday for me.) by clicking:
(Troubleshoot > Advanced Options >System Restore) Then pick a point you'd like to use.
I know its not a permanent fix but at least I can finally use my computer again Like I am do to type this reply. hopefully they'll push an update to fix this problem.