Hi Dominik_817,
Welcome to Microsoft Community.
I think the steps you've tried so far are correct in terms of DirectX and reinstalling VC++ components. But this is a bit strange, usually 0xc000007b this fix will solve the problem, I think your computer may be missing some files or account profile corrupted. You may want to consider downloading the Windows 11 installation image to overwrite the installation. The overwrite installation will not delete existing files. The steps are as follows:
Create installation media for Windows: Create installation media for Windows (microsoft.com)
To create the installation media, here's what you'll need:
A PC with a reliable internet connection. The download time will vary, depending on your internet connection.
A USB flash drive, external hard drive, or DVD. A blank USB flash drive or external hard drive with at least 8 GB of space, or a blank DVD (and DVD burner). We recommend using a blank USB or blank DVD because any content on it will be deleted. When burning a DVD from an ISO file, if you're told the disc image file is too large, you'll need to use dual layer (DL) DVD media.
A product key. Your 25-character product key (not required for digital licenses). For help finding it, go to Find your Windows product key.
After you've created the installation media, you can reinstall Windows: Recovery options in Windows (microsoft.com)
If there is anything not clear, please do not hesitate to let me know.
Best Regards,
Manson - MSFT | Microsoft Community Support Specialist