Although there are no USB 3.0 drivers on the Windows 7 installation media, you certainly can install USB 3.0 drivers on a Windows 7 system. You just have to use drivers made for Windows 7 (not Windows 8.1).
If you have USB 3.0 ports on your computer, the first place to look for the proper drivers is your computer's manufacturer's support website.
If your computer's manufacturer no longer has the driver you need ...
Does your computer have an Intel USB 3.0 eXtensible Host Controller, or did you just try that Intel driver as a random guess?
If you do have Intel USB hardware, see this page: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/17344/intel-usb-3-0-extensible-host-controller-driver-for-intel-8-9-100-series-and-intel-c220-c610-chipset-family.html
Note the list of chipsets for which the driver is valid. If you have a different chipset, use Intel's Driver & Support Assistant, linked on that page.