Hi James king4 :
Further to aReply4u's comments, Google discontinued support for Chrome on the Win XP and Vista platforms after the release of Chrome v49 in April 2016 - see Google's official announcement <here>.
If you're looking for a Vista-compatible browser I'd suggest you try Mozilla's Firefox ESR v52.9.0 browser, which is the final legacy version for Win XP and Vista that was released 26-Jun-2018. Full offline installers (all regions and languages) are available for download https://archive.mozilla.org/pub/firefox/releases/52.9.0esr/win32/ (note that 32-bit Firefox ESR is recommended for both 32-bit and 64-bit Vista SP2). If you want the English-US installer (Firefox Setup 52.9.0esr.exe), for example, choose the /EN-US subfolder at https://archive.mozilla.org/pub/firefox/releases/52.9.0esr/win32/en-US/. You can download this offline installer from a computer with a newer OS, save it to a USB thumb drive, and then copy the installer from the USB thumb drive over to the Vista computer.
Unlike the Internet Explorer 9 browser that comes with Vista, Firefox ESR v52.9.0 supports TLS 1.1 and TLS 1.2 protocols for connecting to secure https sites and these protocols are enabled by default. I would recommend that you add the latest TLS 1.3 support to your Firefox ESR v52.9.0 browser [i.e., by changing security.tls.version.max to a value of 4 (TLS 1.3) in the advanced browser settings] as instructed in Martin Brinkmann's June 2017 ghacks.net article How to Enable TLS 1.3 Support in Firefox and Chrome.
When I was still using my Vista SP2 computer on a regular basis I used the Adblock Plus ad blocker extension (https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/adblock-plus/) to improve the security of my unsupported Firefox ESR v52.9.0 browser, but I checked today and it looks like Adblock Plus v3.12 (released 03-May-2022) that is available <here> is the last version that is still compatible with Firefox ESR v52. Unfortunately, that old Adblock Plus v3.12 extension is offered as a compressed .xpi file so it will have to be installed manually - I believe the instructions I posted <here> for a different .xpi file (i.e., for VideoDownload Helper) should work for this Adblock Plus .xpi file.
If your son reset their Vista computer back to factory condition then they are likely missing Service Pack 2 (SP2, released May 2009) and aren't patched to end of extended support (11-Apr-2017) for this OS. Unfortunately, Microsoft deactivated the Windows Update servers for older operating systems like Win XP and Vista on 03-Aug-2020 (see the Microsoft support article Windows Update SHA-1 Based Endpoints Discontinued for Older Windows Devices for more information), which means that he will likely see an error message if he tries to run Windows Update to patch his OS. The good news is that Service Packs for Vista are still available from Microsoft (see my 26-Sep-2022 post <here> in the VistaForums for download links), but no matter what steps he takes, it really isn't safe to be browsing the internet with a Vista SP2 computer. Even if he gets Firefox ESR v52.9.0 installed he will likely still have issues connecting to some secure https sites that won't allow connections to computers with an unsupported operating system, and there are not many third-party software programs that are still compatible with Vista SP2 these days.
32-bit Vista Home Premium SP2 * Firefox ESR v52.9.0 * Malwarebytes Premium v3.5.1-1.0.365
HP Pavilion dv6835ca, Intel Core2Duo T5550 @ 1.83 GHz, 3 GB RAM, NVIDIA GeForce 8400M GS
Dell Inspiron 5584 * 64-bit Win 10 Pro v22H2 build 19045.2604 * Firefox v110.0.0 * Microsoft Defender v4.18.2301.6-1.1.200000.2 * Malwarebytes Premium v4.5.22.236-1.0.1915