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Underclocking the computer through software can help reduce power consumption and lower temperatures, but it's important to note that it can also decrease performance. It's always best to underclock through the BIOS, but if that's not an option, there are some software solutions available.
One way to underclock your computer through software is by using a third-party software such as ThrottleStop or Intel XTU (Extreme Tuning Utility). These programs allow you to adjust your processor's frequency and voltage settings to reduce power consumption and lower temperatures.
Here are the steps to underclock using ThrottleStop:
Download and install ThrottleStop from the official website.
Open ThrottleStop and click on "FIVR" in the top menu.
In the "FIVR Control" window, click on "Disable and Lock Turbo Power Limits" to prevent your processor from using all of its power.
To reduce your processor's frequency, adjust the "Turbo Ratio Limits" settings. For example, if you want to limit your processor to a maximum frequency of 3.5GHz, set the "Max" value to 35.
Click on "Apply" to save your settings.
You can also create profiles in ThrottleStop to easily switch between different clock speeds and voltage settings. For example, you could create a profile for browsing the internet and another profile for playing games.
Note that underclocking your computer may affect its stability and performance. Be sure to monitor your system's temperature and stability when making changes to your processor's settings. If you notice any issues, revert to the default settings or consult a professional for assistance.