This is pretty much the same problem as having a huge pile of papers on your desk and wanting them to be magically organized according to your requirements. The computer does offer some advantages in being able to differentiate different file types and properties, but it has no way of knowing, for example, that a particular picture file should be grouped together with a related Word document or PDF file. If you want to start by gathering together files that have certain matching properties, be it file Type, Date modified, Author (if exists in the document's meta-data), etc. you can search on those properties to find all matches and then move the found items to a new folder. There's going to be a lot of manual work for what you've described. It mainly involves making folders and moving items into folders.
Here's a good tutorial on Windows search:
https://www.elevenforum.com/t/using-windows-11-search.2177/
That tutorial if for Windows 11, but it's very similar in Windows 10. The same group has a Windows 10 search tutorial, but it's dated (shows options that are not available by default) and lacks the details of the other tutorial, but here it is anyhow: https://www.tenforums.com/tutorials/94452-search-file-explorer-windows-10-a.html
There are many other tutorials online as well and you can always ask an AI interface, such as ChatGPT, how to do any type of search so you can organize your files effectively.
Many people find that they can get their files organized more easily using a third-party file manager. There are many goods ones out there, such as Directory Opus.
And there are tools that are designed to automatically organize your files (to the extent that is possible based on file type and file meta-data and possibly contents in some cases). Do an Internet search for something like: windows app that helps me organize my files
You may want to go to another forum, such as tenforums.com, to ask for recommendations of that kind of software.