Thanks for the clarification.
This behavior seems to be caused by a problem with the computer's cooling system or an accumulation of dust.
When the processor reaches high temperatures, you can have a big loss of performance.
However, I didn't notice a high usage of the processes to cause this overheating. That's why I suspect a problem with the cooling system or an accumulation of dust.
An accumulation of dust on the heatsink and cooler can impact your device's thermal efficiency.
I can't determine for sure remotely. A physical check is necessary.
I suggest you consult a technician you trust or the authorized assistance from the computer manufacturer.