Fixed!
After several attempts to resolve the issue, I decided to take a different approach. I opened the 'inspect' feature in Chrome and discovered that the font used to display the search page was Arial. I manually changed it to a different font, and the problem appeared to disappear. This indicated that there might have been an issue with my Arial font. I attempted to restore the default font settings by going to Font settings, but it was unsuccessful. Then, I tried to delete the Arial font, but Windows did not allow it. Finally, I manually copied the Arial font from another unaffected computer and installed it one by one. After restarting, everything appeared to be fixed.