I'm sorry for the late reply. I've carefully checked the pictures you provided. It's really frustrating that you've tried most of the methods and replaced a lot of hardware, but the problem still exists. This is a very complicated problem. After discussing this problem with my colleagues, we think the follow-up ideas for this problem should be as follows:
Possible cause 1. BIOS settings may cause system startup problems, especially options related to power management. Please follow the steps below to troubleshoot
Enter the BIOS settings and find settings related to power management (usually under "Power Management" or similar menus), such as "ErP Ready", "Fast Boot", etc., and try to turn these options off.
At the same time, please make sure that "USB standby power" or "USB power delivery" is turned on in the BIOS to ensure that the USB port has power when the system starts.
Disclaimer: You will modify the BIOS settings, please back up important data in advance.
Possible cause 2. Windows' fast startup function sometimes causes hardware initialization problems, especially for USB devices. Please disable it as follows
Open "Control Panel" in Windows.
Select "Power Options".
Click "Choose what the power button does" on the left.
Click "Change settings that are currently unavailable".
Uncheck "Enable fast startup" (recommended).
Possible cause 3. Check if the hardware is connected correctly
Please check that the power cord, motherboard power cord, and CPU power cord are all connected tightly and not loose. At the same time, I suggest you try connecting the keyboard and mouse to different USB ports, especially the USB ports directly provided by the motherboard.
Possible cause 4. There may be a problem with the motherboard BIOS. You need to update the BIOS. I suggest you visit the official website of the motherboard manufacturer to download and install the latest version of the BIOS. Note that you must be careful when updating the BIOS to ensure that you do it correctly.
So far, these methods we have discussed may help you. If the above steps do not solve the problem, I suggest that you need to contact the technical support staff of the motherboard manufacturer. They may have known issues and solutions for specific models, and may be able to provide you with other suggestions and help, which may help you solve this problem.
Thank you for reading.
Best regards
Brian - Microsoft Community Support Specialist