Thanks for the detailed update, it’s clear you’ve already gone above and beyond to troubleshoot this issue. Since the steps in the thread didn’t resolve it, and the update doesn’t appear in the uninstall list, this does seem like an issue that might require a patch to fully address.
If you’re okay with waiting for the next security update, that’s a reasonable approach. To ensure you receive the latest patch as soon as it’s available, head to Settings > Windows Update > and toggle On the "Get the latest updates as soon as they’re available".
In the meantime, I recommend relying solely on the Windows Security app to protect your system. While I couldn’t find any specific cases linking third-party antivirus software like Norton 360 to this glitch, it’s possible that it could be contributing to the issue. Temporarily disabling or uninstalling it might help rule that out.
I also highly encourage you to provide feedback to Microsoft so they’re aware of the issue. You can do this by pressing Windows key + F on your keyboard and describing the problem in detail.
Should you need further information please let me know.
I hope these steps help bring some clarity or progress to the situation.