I have just encountered the exact same problem - you describe it perfectly.
Windows Update sneakily "upgraded" me to 24H2 without my permission yesterday (08 Feb 2025), and screwed up a number of my settings (including trival things like "wallpaper", but I decided to stick with it - until I tried, several hours later, to print a single page from Photoshop 2025. Pressed <CTRL-P>, and everything locked up for over a minute. Eventually, the print dialog did appear, but when I tried to print, everything froze again. After about 3 minutes, I heard my printer come to life, and the page appeared as expected. Under 23H2, the whole process takes about 5 seconds.
So I went to the print driver pages in Control Panel, and tried, "Print A Test Page". I got your exact same error:
Operation could not be completed (error 0x0000007e) The specified module could not be found.
Rebooted, tried again. Same issue. Tried changing printer settings. Photoshop hung indefinitely, and I had to kill it with Task Manager.
So I did a roll-back to 23H2, and first time I tried to print, got the same errors. But after a reboot, (and staying in 23H2), everything is now back to normal.
Is there a fix for my HP P2050 series printer (which I know is working perfectly, see last paragraph) under 24H2? And if not, is there a way to prevent Windows trying to reinstall 24H2 behind my back while still allowing other updates?