Hello Augusto, I hope you are well and having an excellent day!
You do not necessarily have to have secure boot enabled to update Windows 11 or to install it. Remember that Windows 11 is designed to work with certain security measures; your system can function stably with secure boot disabled as long as your device meets the other requirements, and you have digital rights associated. Usually, the error you mention is more related to secure boot causing this improper boot because it is against malicious software, but enabling it can lead to errors that prevent booting. It is preferable to keep it disabled to ensure the stability of your device, allowing you to operate in winre mode even without secure boot enabled. I recommend disabling it and, if possible, try to resolve the error in the future through a firmware update or check if there is a specific workaround for your model.