Matthew, maybe I didn't explain it well.
I am saying - Teams desktop app doesn't support video quality over 1080p. This is specifically to the Teams desktop app. Web based is not the same and is not affected by this design fraud. Zoom, discord and Windows Camera are outside of the Teams desktop app, thus not affected by this limitation. Many users have already shared this issue. Here is an example: https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/microsof...
As for bandwidth, this is NOT just about your local bandwidth, but bandwidth from Microsoft's side as well. Also, even if your bandwidth is unlimited, Teams desktop app's video quality is capped at 1080p (this is documented here: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoftteam...)
Are you an admin user? If you are, you can actually go to Teams' admin center to bring up a recent meeting, and review the video resolution for that meeting. You can reference the instruction in this discussion: https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/microsof...
In conclusion, this is an issue that currently has no fix. Maybe you are right, I should have called it a bug. Whether it is bug or feature request, they can be both logged via the Feedback feature. That's really the only thing you can do right now as there's no official fix for this. But as more users log this issue, it will hopefully become important enough for Microsoft product team to find the fix.
And don't shoot the messenger. We are not Microsoft employees.. we are just active and more experienced users. As a user myself, I also hope this is something that can be improved as I use Teams desktop app all the time for work too.