This is NOT on a Mac. It's on a Dell PC running windows 7 Pro, that has all Windows & Microsoft updates/patches installed.
All rules were exported, and then deleted as a troubleshooting step. It did not change the results.
In addition, the only way I've been able to get Outlook to stop moving emails to the junk folder, was to disable the Junk Filter via a Registry key.
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Policies\Microsoft\office\15.0\outlook
DWORD: DisableAntiSpam
Value of 1 disables the junk filter, 0 enables it
However, this is merely a work around, and NOT a solution. We'd like to find an actual solution to outlook moving emails to the junk folder when we have selected 'No automatic filtering'.