I have a workround. In my phone I add the contact to Outlook so I can see that the contact details can then show up in Outlook on the phone and and the phones contact list. Also because the contact was put in Outlook on the phone it show up in my pc.
However, if I put the contact in the phones contact list it will not transfer to Outlook.
This web comments seems to cover the issue, but does not explain
If I add or edit a new contact to Outlook, will it sync with my Contacts app on my device? Outlook for Android Outlook for iOS Yes, when Save Contactsis enabled for iOS, or Sync Contacts is enabled for Android (**Settings >**select your desired Account > Save Contact), newly added contacts and edits made to your contacts in Outlook for iOS and Android will be saved to the Contacts app on your device.
But, edits made directly in your device's Contacts app will not be saved to Outlook for iOS and Android.
So MS seem to have barred the reverse: that is contacts made in the phone contacts list cannot be transferred to Outlook.