Hello eljana J,
Welcome to Microsoft Community.
I am a Microsoft user just like you, I hope you are doing well.
Sorry for the inconvenience. Verification is required to add a new phone number as a verification method. Since you do not have access to your old phone number, how did you verify adding the new phone number?
I recommend you try submitting Account Recovery Form where you will need to provide answers to questions only the owner of the account will be able to answer. Once you are verified as the owner of the account, you can update your verification method. Use link attached: https://account.live.com/acsr
"After you submit the form, you will receive the results of your recovery request at the working email address you provided at the beginning of the form within 24 hours.
Your next steps depend on whether we could verify your account:
If it is "We could not verify your account", you will need to keep trying as many times as you want, up to two times per day.
If it is "We verified your account", Microsoft will use the same working email to send you instructions for how to sign back into your account".
Helpful tips
- Answer as many questions as possible. If you’re not sure, guessing is ok — wrong answers don’t count against you. When you get to a question that lets you “add more," fill in as much information as you are able.
- Use the information you created when you created your account or when it was last updated.
- You can submit Account Recovery Form up to two times per day from a computer that you use regularly.
- You will be asked to list the email addresses you have used recently and the subject lines of emails you have recently received. Ask family, friends, or business contacts for help in verifying their email addresses and for the subject lines of the last three emails they sent you.
- Make sure you're using the correct domain for your account, such as hotmail.com, live.com or xbox360.com. Remember that your email address may be country specific. For example, if you created your account in Germany, your domain would probably be "hotmail.de" rather than "hotmail.com".
The information above were obtained from Microsoft support article: https://support.microsoft.com/article/b19c02d1-a782-dee6-93c3-dc8113b20c42
Note: the Account Recovery Form can only be used if you do not have two-step verification enabled on your account.
Please let me know if you need more assistance.
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Warm Regards