Hello lawrence_tyb,
Thank you for posting this case in Microsoft Community!
Based on your description: Setting default font for all mailboxes in New Outlook. I would like to cooperate with you working on this case. To clarify this case, as further reseach and investigation from my side, generally any users could change the default font in New Outlook manually. You may check this article as reference Change the default font or text color for email messages in Outlook. If you want to set up default font for all mailboxes under Microsoft 365 tenant, you may try to Connect to Exchange Online PowerShell with Microsoft 365 Global Admin role. Then you can try to run the below Power Shell script for all mailboxes level:
Get-Mailbox -ResultSize unlimited | Set-MailboxMessageConfiguration -DefaultFontName "Segoe UI" -DefaultFontSize "10"
(Note: If you are not sure who is admin, you may check this Microsoft article: How do I find my Microsoft 365 admin? - Microsoft Support)
**Please Note:**This only works for all existing mailboxes but not working for new created mailbox in Microsoft 365. When you run this command, it will take a long time for processing all the mailboxes. Please take care of that for preparation. See more information, you may check this article as reference: Set-MailboxMessageConfiguration. For further assistance, you may post on this dedicated Microsoft PowerShell Community, I am sure that our experts from that team can address your query effectively and accurately.
Hope the above workaround would be helpful. If you need further assistance, please feel free to let me know, I will keep assisting you.
Your understanding and patience will be appreciated.
Thank you!