A family of Microsoft presentation graphics products that offer tools for creating presentations and adding graphic effects like multimedia objects and special effects with text.
Charts are handled by Excel. In Excel you can create Chart Template, which are saved in (.crtx) file format and will appear in the Ribbon. The way to do it is to customize a chart and then right-click on the chart. Use the Save As Template option from the pop-up menu. If you save your template in the Chart Templates folder (the default when the save dialog opens), after you quit and then re-open Excel, the template will be available to you in the Ribbon.
SmartArt is within your PowerPoint presentation. There are various approaches you might take regarding SmartArt. As you pointed out, SmartArt can be specified in a Slide Master, or on Slide Design. Saving a presentation as a Theme (.thmx) is one option. Another save option is to save as a Template, which is more comprehensive (includes every aspect of a slide show).
Details about all these topics can be found in Excel and PowerPoint help, as well as this fancy book I wrote.