Enable it for just the protocol needed if its still allowed to opt-out, then apply an authorization policy to block basic auth for per users, yes. Do not apply to the users that need basic auth.
But not sure if they will still allow an exception, so you will need to follow that doc and see if its possible.
Enabling Basic Authentication temporarily only for a few selected mailboxes. not the whole tenant?

People,
Based on https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/exchange-team-blog/basic-authentication-and-exchange-online-september-2021-update/ba-p/2772210
The Basic Authentication can be enabled before January 2023.
However, after executing the PowerShell script below, it is still not working.
From: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/exchange/clients-and-mobile-in-exchange-online/disable-basic-authentication-in-exchange-online#step-2-assign-the-authentication-policy-to-users
$PolicyName = 'Temp. policy basic auth.'
New-AuthenticationPolicy -Name $PolicyName -AllowBasicAuthReportingWebServices -AllowBasicAuthWebServices -AllowBasicAuthActiveSync
$paramSetUser = @{
Identity = ’Name of the shared mailbox'
AuthenticationPolicy = $PolicyName
StsRefreshTokensValidFrom = $([System.DateTime]::UtcNow)
}
Set-User @paramSetUser
How to fix the issue above, so only a few selected mailboxes is using Basic Authentication, not the entire Tenant is exposed.
PS C:\WINDOWS\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0> Get-OrganizationConfig | Format-Table DefaultAuthenticationPolicy
DefaultAuthenticationPolicy
---------------------------
PS C:\WINDOWS\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0> Get-AuthenticationPolicy | Select-Object *Allow*
AllowBasicAuthActiveSync : True
AllowBasicAuthAutodiscover : False
AllowBasicAuthImap : False
AllowBasicAuthMapi : False
AllowBasicAuthOfflineAddressBook : False
AllowBasicAuthOutlookService : True
AllowBasicAuthPop : False
AllowBasicAuthReportingWebServices : True
AllowBasicAuthRest : False
AllowBasicAuthRpc : False
AllowBasicAuthSmtp : False
AllowBasicAuthWebServices : True
AllowBasicAuthPowershell : False
Thanks in advance.
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Andy David - MVP 155.2K Reputation points MVP
2022-10-14T13:24:12.337+00:00
2 additional answers
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Andy David - MVP 155.2K Reputation points MVP
2022-10-14T11:44:15.887+00:00 Follow this: https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/exchange-team-blog/basic-authentication-and-exchange-online-june-2021-update/bc-p/2599824#M31057
and enable the tenant for Basic Auth powershellThen Block it for everyone but the required users using an authentication policy
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Andy David - MVP 155.2K Reputation points MVP
2022-10-14T13:09:14.44+00:00 Did you already request an opt-out? It may not be available any longer:
Check from that article
If you still can: follow:
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/exchange/clients-and-mobile-in-exchange-online/disable-basic-authentication-in-exchange-online#step-1-create-the-authentication-policy