@Jeevi Danda Thank you for reaching out to Microsoft Q&A. Based on your statement, you need help in reading files or blobs from Storage account in your Function app code (Java).
FileInputStream can be used to read files that are either in local (during development) or azure deployment path such as "/home/site/wwwroot/". However, for reading files or blobs from azure storage account, you would need to use Azure SDK for Java v12 library and samples are available at https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/storage/common/storage-samples-java. Refer Blob samples or File samples respectively for your scenario.
I am not sure about the need to pass Key Vault secrets in the request body. You can use Key Vault references in Azure Functions and refer Use Key Vault references for App Service and Azure Functions for more info on this. If this doesn't match your needs, please clarify and it would help to understand better.
We would be happy to assist you for any questions and upvote if it helped.