Your domain controller (2012 essentials) has a DHCP assigned address appears to be coming from router. A domain controller must always have a static ip address. The domain controller and all members must use only domain controller address listed for DNS and no others such as router or public DNS. Setup the domain controller static. The router can be used for DHCP but it must not hand out router or public DNS, needs to changed to hand out the domain controller's static address for DNS. These issues are showstoppers so I didn't look at other files too much. After fixing these problems if issues persist then put up a new set of files to look at.
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