FaeryFu-MSFT, did you even read the question? I'm not sure you did. JoeEaton-5571 CLEARLY stated what Office Outlook version and build they're using. In fact, I'm using the same version (and build number) and I have the same question. I'm the IT Manager here (one-man-show), and everything appears correctly configured in the Microsoft 365 Admin Center. I've used Microsoft Forms in the past, so it has nothing to do with access to that "app", either.
My guess is that this feature was intentionally disabled in the last year, but I can't back that up. Nevertheless, there is a tiny bell dinging in the back of my head that says they removed the ability to add Polls to emails and made it a Teams-only feature. THAT IS NOT A FACT, just a thought.
Otherwise, I feel your pain, JoeEaton-5571.