Hello there,
It seems like an GPO error which is causing the issue. Run the gpresult /v to see if some GPO is filtered or causing these issues .
I would suggest you to follow this article which collects your scenario and provides an necessary troubleshooting steps https://adfshelp.microsoft.com/TroubleshootingGuides/Workflow/e4d46600-59a9-4202-8fe7-7436fd56c486
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