If there is a change in the script, it should run again. From https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/mem/intune/apps/intune-management-extension#important-considerations
The Intune management extension agent checks with Intune once every hour and after every reboot for any new scripts or changes. After you assign the policy to the Azure AD groups, the PowerShell script runs, and the run results are reported. Once the script executes, it doesn't execute again unless there's a change in the script or policy. If the script fails, the Intune management extension agent will attempt to retry the script three times for the next 3 consecutive Intune management extension agent check-ins.