If I understand this correctly... It sounds like your laptop may just be overheating, either from a lack of airflow (could be dust build up, or just where you have your laptop sitting), or from some unknown background process. I would try placing your laptop on a smooth hard surface if that's not where you are already using it, if you have some kind of laptop cooling stand that would be even better. If your laptop isn't plugged in, try plugging it in while you use it (if you've had it for a while the battery might just be getting too old). You could also try opening task manager (by pressing the keys Ctrl+ Alt+Del) and look in the background processes section to see if there is something using a substantially large amount of memory. If there is something that stands out, you may be able to right click and end the process... BUT make sure you know what the process is and don't end anything you are certain of, I would simply google the process to see if it's alright to end.
If your laptop is on the older side, 2-3+ years then it could be a CMOS battery issue. Below is a link to determine if that is the issue, and the second link shows how to replace it.