The best approach to run a SQL Server stored procedure automatically every day in Azure is to use Azure Automation and runbooks. You can create a runbook with a SQL script that will execute the stored procedure. Then you can create a schedule for the runbook to run daily.
Alternatively, you can use Azure Functions with a Timer Trigger to execute the stored procedure daily. You can write an Azure Function in your preferred language (C#, Java, Python, etc.) that executes the stored procedure and configure the Timer Trigger to run daily. You can also use Azure Logic Apps to achieve this.