Sorry for the delay in coming back. I commented on your post just before signing off for the day. I still wanted you to provide the file, so that someone else could take over.
Anyway, I looked at the file, and this appears to be the error section:
(01) 2023-03-23 17:02:33 Slp: Running: C:\WINDOWS\system32\WBEM\mofcomp.exe "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\160\Shared\3082\sqlmgmprovider.mfl"
(17) 2023-03-23 17:02:33 Slp: Microsoft (R) MOF Compiler Version 10.0.22621.1411
(17) 2023-03-23 17:02:33 Slp: Copyright (c) Microsoft Corp. 1997-2006. Todos los derechos reservados.
(17) 2023-03-23 17:02:33 Slp: No se encuentra el archivo 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\160\Shared\3082\sqlmgmprovider.mfl'
(01) 2023-03-23 17:02:33 Slp: Sco: Compile operation for mof file C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\160\Shared\3082\sqlmgmprovider.mfl failed. Exit code 1
(01) 2023-03-23 17:02:33 Slp: Error en la acción de configuración de la característica CommonFiles_Loc durante el valor de tiempo ConfigNonRC y el escenario ConfigNonRC.
(01) 2023-03-23 17:02:33 Slp: El compilador de MOF no se pudo conectar con el servidor WMI. Esto se puede deber a un error semántico como una incompatibilidad con el repositorio WMI o a un error real como que no se ha iniciado el servidor WMI.
(01) 2023-03-23 17:02:33 Slp: The configuration failure category of current exception is ConfigurationFailure
(01) 2023-03-23 17:02:33 Slp: Error en la acción de configuración de la característica CommonFiles_Loc durante el valor de tiempo ConfigNonRC y el escenario ConfigNonRC.
(01) 2023-03-23 17:02:33 Slp: Microsoft.SqlServer.Configuration.Sco.ScoException: El compilador de MOF no se pudo conectar con el servidor WMI. Esto se puede deber a un error semántico como una incompatibilidad con el repositorio WMI o a un error real como que no se ha iniciado el servidor WMI.
(01) 2023-03-23 17:02:33 Slp: en Microsoft.SqlServer.Configuration.Sco.WmiProvider.InstallMof()
(01) 2023-03-23 17:02:33 Slp: en Microsoft.SqlServer.Configuration.Slp.SlpConfigurationPrivate.Install_ConfigWMIProvider(Dictionary`2 actionData)
It's funny, because the install log is English, but this particular part is in Spanish. I guess because configuring WMI is a Windows operation (WMI is after all a Windows component).
What is also funny is that rather than rolling back as Setup normally do when there is an error, Setup appears to continue and installs the engine and configures telemetry. Possibly, the error is considered benign. If so, you should be able to use SQL Server except for the part that uses WMI, which is essentially SQL Server Configuration Manager.
I guess the problem in the filepath is 3028. That is Spanish (Some country). You probably only have 1033 (English United States). One like to think that it should be possible to install an English SQL Server on a non-English OS, but I don't know the fine print there.