Apologies for the delayed response @Osama Yosry . I'm certain when you delete the account from the Azure app, it doesn't delete your MSA/Work account, rather just remove the account from the app.
Accessing your MSA will depend on knowing the email id you used, (I certainly hope not) the password, and 2FA.
Personally, when I switched a new iPhone, I used the Microsoft Authenticator app and restored my accounts from iCloud. If you haven't done this (or can't) then regaining access to your account, you can follow the steps to reset your password. Once you reset your password, then you can sign back into your Azure account, if warranted.