What are you looking at to determine that there is anything to clean up?
On my Win11 laptop I have seen where cleanmgr would report that there was Windows Update Cleanup available, but for whatever reason it would not clean that. I tried multiple times but it still showed. I just let it go. Some months later, after applying Windows Updates, I noticed that this went away. Some updates are what I would call the equivalent of the old service packs or maybe call it an OS update, and one of them fixed my cleanup issue.
Does DISM report "Component Store Cleanup Recommended : Yes"?
C:\Utils>Dism.exe /online /cleanup-image /AnalyzeComponentstore
Deployment Image Servicing and Management tool
Version: 10.0.22621.1
Image Version: 10.0.22621.1555
[===========================99.4%========================= ]
Component Store (WinSxS) information:
Windows Explorer Reported Size of Component Store : 9.09 GB
Actual Size of Component Store : 8.82 GB
Shared with Windows : 5.89 GB
Backups and Disabled Features : 2.44 GB
Cache and Temporary Data : 489.75 MB
Date of Last Cleanup : 2023-04-25 20:53:57
Number of Reclaimable Packages : 0
Component Store Cleanup Recommended : No
The operation completed successfully.
If it does, what does "Dism.exe /online /Cleanup-Image /StartComponentCleanup" report? Any errors?