This issue is caused by Information Rights Management (IRM) has been applied to this document library.
When you download a PDF file from an IRM-protected library, Microsoft 365 creates a protected PDF file. The file's extension won't change, but the file is protected. To view this file you'll need the Azure Information Protection viewer, the full Azure Information Protection client, or another application that supports viewing protected PDF files.
References about Information Rights Management (IRM):
Set up Information Rights Management (IRM) in SharePoint admin center
Apply Information Rights Management (IRM) to a list or library
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