This version isn't supported in Cognos.
That's mainly a Cognos issue, not an MS one.
Major build number 16 is SQL Server 2022, not 2019, that one is build 15; see https://sqlserverbuilds.blogspot.com/
You can try an older version of SQL_AS_OLEDB.msi from https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=103444