Hi,
It's possible that the spam emails are being sent to email addresses that were previously associated with deleted accounts. These emails could still be routed to those addresses if they were listed on any public-facing websites or if they were shared publicly in any way. Here are some steps that you can take to optimize the spam filter in Microsoft 365 Defender:
Review and verify the settings of your anti-spam policies. Make sure that they are up-to-date and configured in a way that effectively blocks spam. You can refer to the following article for instructions on how to create or modify anti-spam policies: Anti-spam policies in Microsoft 365
Consider using an anti-phishing policy to prevent phishing emails from reaching your users. You can create a policy to block emails that impersonate someone in your organization, emails that request sensitive information, or emails from a specific set of domains. Learn more about exclusive settings in anti-phishing policies here.
Make sure that your users know how to submit spam and phishing messages for analysis and release. End-users can submit messages directly from their quarantine area. Admins can submit messages via the Submission
area in the Microsoft Defender Security Center. Refer to the following article for more information: Submit spam, phish, and false positive messages to Microsoft for analysis
Configure alerts to notify you when new messages are quarantined or released. You can configure these alerts by going to Alerts
in the Security & Compliance Center. Refer to the following article for step-by-step instructions: Manage quarantined messages and files as an admin in Microsoft 365
If you still continue to see spam emails after these steps, you might want to contact Microsoft Support for further investigation.
References:
Anti-Spam policies in Microsoft 365
Exclusive settings in anti-phishing policies in Microsoft Defender for Office 365
Submit spam, phish, and false positive messages to Microsoft for analysis
Manage quarantined messages and files as an admin in Microsoft 365