What is the SPFx life cycle?

Question

Please explain the SPFx lifecycle

Answer 1

Hi @Chaitanya Bandaru ，

The life cycle of an SPFx web part refers to the sequence of events and methods that are executed during its creation, rendering, and disposal. Understanding the web part life cycle is crucial for managing the initialization, updating, and cleanup of resources within the web part. Here are the main stages of the SPFx web part life cycle:

Initialization: The web part is initialized when it is added to a page or when the page is loaded. The constructor of the web part class is called during this phase, allowing you to set up initial state and properties.

Property Updates: If the web part's properties are updated, the onPropertyChange method is called. This method receives the updated properties as parameters and is a good place to handle any logic that needs to be performed when a property changes.

Rendering: During the rendering phase, the render method is executed. This is where you define the HTML markup and structure of the web part using React or other frameworks. The render method should return a JSX element representing the web part's UI.

Data Fetching: If your web part needs to retrieve data from SharePoint or other data sources, you can perform data fetching operations in the onInit or onRender methods. These methods are suitable for initializing data and performing asynchronous operations.

Interaction and Event Handling: Once the web part is rendered, users can interact with it. You can handle user events, such as button clicks or form submissions, by attaching event handlers to the relevant DOM elements within your web part. These event handlers can trigger actions or state updates within the web part.

Updating: If the web part's properties or state change, the update method is called. This method provides an opportunity to update the web part's UI based on the new data or properties. It is called before the render method, allowing you to make any necessary adjustments.

Disposal: When the web part is removed from the page or when the page is unloaded, the onDispose method is called. This is the place to clean up any resources, event listeners, or subscriptions to prevent memory leaks.

It's important to note that the SPFx web part life cycle is heavily influenced by React, as SPFx uses React for building the user interface of web parts. Therefore, the React component life cycle methods, such as componentDidMount, componentDidUpdate, and componentWillUnmount, can also be utilized within the SPFx web part life cycle to handle additional scenarios and implement custom logic.

Here is a nice article about SharePoint Framework Web Part and Property Pane Lifecycles. Please make a reference

https://www.vrdmn.com/2019/12/sharepoint-framework-web-part-and.html

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