@Cesar Diaz, Thanks for posting in Q&A.
From your description, we understand that your private Google apps cannot be opened on Managed Home screen.
Based on my experience, it can be that the private app has some compatibility issue with managed home screen app. Here I suggest that you open case to look into the issue:
Here is the link on how to open case:
Get support in the Microsoft Intune admin center - Microsoft Intune | Microsoft Learn
Thanks for your kind understanding.
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