On Azure SQL there could be additional charges for storage consumed by automated backups.
For Azure SQL DTU-model there is not additional costs for storage consumed by automated backups.
However, for Azure SQL vCore-model single databases, a backup storage amount equal to 100 percent of the maximum data storage size for the database is provided at no extra charge. The following equation is used to calculate the total billable backup storage usage:
Total billable backup storage size = (size of full backups + size of differential backups + size of log backups) – maximum data storage
To monitor the storage used by backups and their associated costs please visit Cost Management + Billing in Azure Portal and follow the steps provided here.