Hi @Sebastian,
From my personal understanding, even if there is only one server in the environment, it can theoretically work fine, so I don't think installing a new server will solve the problem. For now, you should troubleshoot Autodiscover first.
Also, noticed that you mentioned that you lack experience in this, it is recommended that you test it in a test environment before applying it to the production environment. (if permit).
Regards
Shaofan
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