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To answer please read below.
Azure offers various generations of virtual machine sizes, denoted by different series and SKUs. Each generation of virtual machine sizes may have different performance characteristics, hardware specifications, and price points.
For example, you mentioned the DS4 series. In this case, "DS" stands for "General Purpose" (D-series), and "4" indicates the specific size within that series. DS4 belongs to a certain generation, and there could be newer generations like DSv2, DSv3, DSv4, and so on, each with improvements in terms of CPU, memory, and other capabilities.
Regarding your question about V3 and V5, it's important to note that V3 and V5 do not refer to generations of virtual machine sizes but rather represent different series. The "V" in V3 and V5 series typically stands for "Memory-optimized" and "Compute-optimized," respectively. These series may have their own set of sizes, each with varying specifications.
To summarize:
Azure VMs are available in different series (e.g., D-series, F-series, E-series, etc.), each designed for specific workloads (general purpose, memory-intensive, compute-intensive, etc.).
Within each series, there can be multiple sizes (e.g., DS1, DS2, DS3, DS4), where the number indicates the size's relative performance and resources.
Azure may introduce new generations (e.g., DSv2, DSv3) within a series to provide improved performance and features.
V3 and V5 typically represent different series, not generations, and they have their own set of sizes.
MS doc --> https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-machines/reserved-vm-instance-size-flexibility
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