I tried login into my Microsoft account for a school website that requires I access with my educational account. It asked for authentication through the Microsoft Authenticator mobile app with a verification code. I downloaded and then opened the app. The problem arose after I tried adding my educational account on the app, because it asked me for the same verification code FROM the app, which is obviously impossible. So I'm stuck on a loop.
It's important to note that I can indeed enter my account from my Microsoft Edge since it's linked directly to that account as it manages my navigator, and after a second try it did indeed access the school website I needed at the moment, however, I can't really access my security info, and I am afraid this would affect the other apps or educational websites I might need to access in a future.
This is when I try adding the account:


Then, when I tap on "Sign in another way", this is what appears:

And now it asks for a number from the app... to put in the app. To login... in the app.

And now I've been stuck in this loop for hours and I can't access my account from the school website, nor can I access my security info in the Microsoft website.
This is how it looks like from the PC navigator, it's basically the same thing as the second screenshot but in Spanish.

Someone please help me, I really need to regain the access to my account.
P.S: The blurred out thing is my e-mail address.
P.S. 2: I felt like it was relevant to mention how the verification code message happens and how I actually access my Microsoft Account.
- First off, I open the school website, and it immediately asks me to identify myself through the educational address.

- After that, a message saying "We need more information" pops up and I click on "Siguiente" which is "Next".

It asks for my password, I type it in and then I click "Log in". The code verification is what pops up after that and the whole loop happens.
So, instead of going through the previous step clicking "Next", I click on "Usar otra cuenta", or "Log in using another account" from the first step I listed.

It takes me to this other page where my actual linked account is registered and I click on it. 
This is the only way it lets me log in, after that, the school website page opens and I can finally see the content, but otherwise, If I go through the "normal" process, it asks for the code which I can't really get from the app because the app asks for the same thing.