Hi.
This is quite a large question that may have been better split into 2 but I will try my best to answer all parts.
Starting with cognitive search.
- If you create a search service and go to the Semantic Search page it will show you the cost. This shows as ~£405 in my Azure portal but I am not sure if this varies etc.
- Indexers, data sources etc are all include in the price upto the quota. However the extra services such as Image Extraction, Semantic Search, and the Custom Entity LookUp skill all cost extra.
- The 300GB limit is set by the max number of partitions. In the case of S1 it is 25*12 hence the 300GB total limit. If you were to have 2 partitions then it would be a max of 50GB.
Blob storage is very cheap and I think your calculations make sense. Just be aware that an operation on block blobs is per block which is explained here: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/61145716/azure-blob-storage-what-exactly-does-write-operations-mean.
Hope this helps.