First, thanks for uploading the entire folder. We usually don't ask people do this, as it could be a bit of hassle for them. But with only the files I asked you for, I would have had to ask you for more files. Now I had that file directly.
Setup runs to the point where it is time to start SQL Server to perform configuration steps. However, SQL Server fails to start, and there are some messages in the SQL Server errorlog. I'm sparing you the details, and I instead I go to the likely root cause: The profile for the default user in Windows is corrupted. When you install SQL Server with the defaults, it creates a couple of service accounts, and their profiles are copied from the default user.
You can work around the problem by selecting an existing Windows user as the service account, but I don't recommend that. Rather it is better to repair that default user. How to do that is more of a Windows question. I ran into this myself some years ago. I googled on the problem, and I recall that one the suggestion was to simply copy the profile from another computer. I think I ended up to restore the profile from a backup, but you may not be in the fortunate position to have one.